Pigmentation is a common skin disorder that results from either a decrease or an increase in the individualization of the pigment glands in the skin. It may affect both males and females of any race, but it increases and becomes more common in people with darker skin.
Pigmentation may be a sign of hormonal diseases, organic diseases, environmental factors, or heredity. If pigmentation changes are a result of an underlying disease, the disease must be treated first before the pigmentation can be eradicated. The most important examples of pigmentation diseases include vitiligo, melasma, and freckles.
Pigmentation changes may result from scars that are formed during the healing process, either due to acne, burns, or traces of previous operations.
It is worth noting that initiating treatment at an early date greatly contributes to achieving positive results and high patient satisfaction, and may help to prevent or reduce future scars.
The depth, location, and duration of the scar formation play an important role in choosing the appropriate treatment. These types of treatments may vary from injection, cryotherapy, laser therapy, surgical removal, or even the use of radiotherapy.